As Scharnhorsts life and legacy remain less known than Clausewitzs, the following passages also offer a brief introduction. Please try again later. The two battleships steamed off to the northwest to search for more shipping. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. The second 28cm round struck the ship's "X" barbette and disabled the turret. [21], At 17:45, the German battleships spotted the British aircraft carrier Glorious and two escorting destroyers, Ardent and Acasta, at a range of some 40,000m (44,000yd; 25mi). Your account has been locked for 30 minutes due to too many failed sign in attempts. [60] By December 1943, the German Army was forced into continuous retreat. Erich Bey, by now promoted to Konteradmiral, was given command of the task force. Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. His hometown Bordenau is just fifteen miles outside of Hanover. [29] The ship's machinery was also significantly damaged by the flooding, and the starboard propeller shaft was destroyed. Fuel shortages prevented major operations for the next six months, during which Scharnhorst was able to conduct only short training maneuvers. Her occupation was Keeping House. [1] Charles Edward White, The Enlightened Soldier: Scharnhorst and the Militarische Gesellschaft in Berlin, 1801-1805 (Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1989). The torpedo hit caused serious damage; it tore a hole 14 by 6m (15.3 by 6.6yd) and allowed 2,500t (2,500 long tons; 2,800 short tons) of water into the ship. [7] The hull lies upside down on the seabed, with debris, including the main mast and rangefinders, scattered around the wreck. This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates. [36], After repairs were completed in July, Scharnhorst went to La Pallice for trials on the 21st, where she easily steamed at 30 knots (56km/h; 35mph). The two ships were forced to put into port during the storm: Scharnhorst went to Gotenhafen while Gneisenau went to Kiel for repairs. At 16:50, Duke of York opened fire at a range of 11,000m (12,000yd); Scharnhorst quickly returned the fire. In his biography of Clausewitz, Peter Paret offers a summary of Scharnhorsts life and ideas: Peter Paret, Clausewitz and the State:The Man, His Theories, and His Times (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985 ), 56-77. The aft radar, which possessed only a limited forward arc, was the ship's only remaining radar capability. Heavy seas and the high speed with which the pair of battleships escaped caused them to ship large amounts of water forward. [3] Next to Whites The Enlightened Soldier: Scharnhorst and the Militarische Gesellschaft in Berlin, 1801-1805, in English you can read more on Scharnhorsts life in Michael Schoy, General Gerhard von Scharnhorst: Mentor of Clausewitz and Father of the Prussian-German General Staff, Canadian Defense Forces Publication. Admiral Hipper and the destroyers were sent to destroy Orama, a 19,500 long tons (19,800t) passenger ship, while Atlantis, a hospital ship, was allowed to proceed unmolested. The Enlightened Soldier: Scharnhorst and the Militarische Gesellschaft in Berlin, 1801-1805. Vanya Eftimova Bellinger and The Strategy Bridge would like to thank Air Universitys Muir S.Fairchild Research Information Center for its support for this project. These people do not know what one should dare in war. Friedrich Scharnhorst (1900 - Unknown) How do we create a person's profile? Prussia was still in the midst of its decade of neutrality, when after the Peace of Basel in 1795 it observed from a safer distance the continuing Revolutionary Wars and the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. [4], Scharnhorst had an armor belt that was 350mm (13.8in) thick in the central portion, where it protected the ship's ammunition magazines and propulsion machinery spaces. Even in this moment of professional triumph, Scharnhorst had to swallow a bitter pill. [2] We will offer the first English translations of some of these texts. The next spring, Scharnhorst moved to Berlin. The second 227kg bomb fell forward of the rear main battery turret and penetrated the first two decks. This quest for raising the bar might not produce a once-in-a-lifetime military genius with predictable regularity, but Scharnhorst believed it would inevitably lead to a qualitative change and institutionalize excellence. Finally promoted to Artillery Captain at age thirty-sixa circumstance largely due to his non-aristocratic originsScharnhorst proved his mettle against French Revolutionary forces in the defense of Menen in present-day Belgium. While Scharnhorst was en route under heavy escort on 21 June, the British launched two air attacks, six Swordfish torpedo bombers in the first and nine Beaufort bombers in the second. During the Battle of the North Cape (26 December 1943), the Royal Navy battleship HMSDuke of York and her escorts sank Scharnhorst. [45] By 13:00, the ships had cleared the Strait of Dover; half an hour later, a flight of six Swordfish torpedo bombers, with Spitfire escort, attacked the Germans. Please enter your email and password to sign in. Weve updated the security on the site. We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. Half an hour later, Scharnhorst's loudspeakers called the crew to battle stations in preparation for the attack. They were detected in the Skagerrak and the heavy units of the British Home Fleet deployed to cover the passage between Iceland and the Faroes. [53] There she met Ltzow and the battleship Tirpitz. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. [53], Scharnhorst, Tirpitz, and nine destroyers embarked from Altafjord on an offensive on 6 September known as Operation Zitronella; the ships were tasked with bombarding the island of Spitzbergen. While the damage was being repaired, a new radar system was installed aft, the power output for the forward radar was increased to 100kW, and the 53.3cm torpedo tubes were installed. In that engagement Scharnhorst achieved one of the longest-range naval gunfire hits in history. [11] Scharnhorst was commissioned into the fleet on 9 January for sea trials,[12] which revealed a dangerous tendency to ship considerable amounts of water in heavy seas. In these complicated times, Elena emerges as a strong new heroine who learns quickly that when nothing is certain, she can rely only on herself. Estorff displayed a different approach than Count Willem, for he believed wars ravages should be kept as far as possible from the homeland. He chose the Cape Town-Gibraltar convoy route, and positioned himself to the northwest of Cape Verde. As Gudmundsson writes: In dEstorffs view, the ability of a leader to succeed in the small war was dependent on their ability to make, in a very short period of time, an accurate estimate of the tactical possibilities of a particular piece of ground, a faculty that he, like so many of his contemporaries, called by the French coup doeil (or strike of the eye). An officer with extraordinary talents and intellect, and an even more remarkable fate, Scharnhorst forever changed the path of the Prussian Army, molded the idea of the Prusso-German General Staff, and forged some of the most influential concepts in the realm of military theory and practice. [9] Anonymous (Marie von Clausewitz), Erinnerung an den General Clausewitz und sein Verhltnis zu Scharnhorst, Historisch-Politische Zeitschrift, Vol. Remove advertising from a memorial by sponsoring it for just $5. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Friedrich Scharnhorst (35136105)? Prince August was a first cousin of the king, a classmate of Clausewitz, and his superior officer between 1804-1808. The veteran commander often acted as an instructor to his officers; he inspired them, befriended them, and showed them kindness. [20] Clausewitz provides a clear description of his mentors approach: Diffuseness was therefore never in evidence in his written work, for he kept correcting and revising his text until his exceptionally precise mind was entirely satisfied and not one word seemed out of place.[21] Neither did Scharnhorst make use of the vivid metaphors for which his student became famous. She did not return to Brest to avoid an undesirable concentration of heavy units in one port (the Prinz Eugen had arrived there on 21 July) but moored alongside at La Pallice on 23 July. Almost nothing of his extensive literary estate is translated into English, however. The two ships then turned west for 24hours while temporary repairs were effected. The curriculum at the military academy, as Bruce Gudmundsson writes in his article on Scharnhorsts education, thus centered on defense and siegecraft. Ltjens again forbade an attack, but he shadowed the convoy and directed U-boats to attack. Close this window, and upload the photo(s) again. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. Scharnhorst and Gneisenau operated together for much of the early portion of World War II, including sorties into the Atlantic to raid British merchant shipping. ). [61] During a conference with Hitler on 1920 December, Groadmiral Karl Dnitz decided to employ Scharnhorst against the next Allied convoy that presented itself. [16] Between 18 February and 20 February, she participated in Operation Nordmark, a brief sortie into the North Sea as far as the Shetland Islands. Ltjens ordered Hoffmann to rejoin the flagship immediately. Her secondary armament consisted of twelve 15cm (5.9in) L/55 guns, eight of which were placed in two-gun turrets and the remaining four were carried in individual turrets. [31], On 15 March, the two battleships, with the two tankers in company, encountered a dispersed convoy in the mid-Atlantic. [17] Henry Kissinger, A World Restored: Metternich, Castlereagh, and the Problems of Peace, 1812-1822 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1973), 49. by Peter Paret and Daniel Moran. At 03:19, Bey received instructions from the Fleet Command that Scharnhorst was to conduct the attack alone if heavy seas interfered with the destroyers' ability to fight. Previously sponsored memorials or famous memorials will not have this option. In just three months, from a population of less than five million, Prussia had a force of approximately 130,000 troops ready for deployment, and by fall boasted some 270,000.[18]. She was 234.9m (770ft 8in) long overall and had a beam of 30m (98ft 5in) and a maximum draft of 9.9m (32ft 6in). By 18:26 the range had fallen to 24,100m (26,400yd; 15.0mi), and Scharnhorst and Gneisenau were firing full salvos at the carrier. 1 (2018): 33-44. [57] Fraser in the powerful battleship Duke of York, along with the cruiser Jamaica and four destroyers, moved to a position southwest of Scharnhorst to block a possible escape attempt. [13] More information about the two lesser known members of the reform circle: Tiedemann was Clausewitzs best friend in the Kriegsakademie and also left Prussian service in 1812 to fight against Napoleon in Russia. Gneisenau was still being repaired following torpedo damage on 6 April and bomb damage on 910 April. On the 8th, a serious internal explosion occurred in the aft auxiliary machinery space above the armor deck. Once the ship was back under way, twelve Beauforts launched a 10-minute attack that was beaten off by anti-aircraft fire and the escorting Luftwaffe fighters. Friedrich Scharnhorst in Neustadt, reviews by real people. Scharnhorst, however, did not live to see the fruits of his efforts. At 13:15, Bey decided to return to base, and at 13:43, he dismissed the destroyers and instructed them to return to port. An email has been sent to the person who requested the photo informing them that you have fulfilled their request, There is an open photo request for this memorial. Christian J Scharnhorst was born on month day 1834, at birth place, to Christian Scharnhorst and Dorothy Scharnhorst (born Krager). [16], The destruction of the Grande Arme in Russia in 1812 finally provided Prussian reformers with an opportunity to create the long-sought peoples army. While furthering his own education, "learning by teaching" is Michael Schoy's phrase, he gained a reputation as a pioneering military educator. Scharnhorst took on a list of one degree and was down by the bows by a meter. Count Wilhelm zu Schaumburg-Lippe was himself one of the eighteenth centurys advanced military thinkers and educators. [12], To fulfill his reform agenda, Scharnhorst surrounded himself with a group of talented officers, some of them his former students. The explosion tore a large gash in the side of the hull and allowed 1,220t (1,200 long tons; 1,340 short tons) of water into the ship, flooding 30 watertight spaces within five main watertight compartments. [73] One torpedo exploded abreast of turret Bruno, which caused it to jam. Friedrich Buchardt - Member of the Einsatzgruppen death squads, who started off grading people on their Germanness and then progressed to outright genocide. [46] By 06:30, they had passed Cherbourg, at which point they were joined by a flotilla of torpedo boats. 8:00 am - 5:00 pm ET. [2] Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Private und dienstliche Schriften, ed. Try again later. 35 Squadron RAF and No. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. [72], In September 2000, a joint expedition to find the sunken battleship conducted by the BBC, NRK, and the Royal Norwegian Navy began. [31] One of the surviving ships radioed the location of the German battleships, which summoned the powerful British battleships Rodney and King George V. Scharnhorst and Gneisenau used their high speed to escape in a squall, and the intervention by the British battleships convinced Ltjens that the chances of further success were small. On the contrary, a badly prepared oneespecially a badly prepared staff officerwas an insecure actor relying on his limited experience alone. The views expressed are her own and do not reflect the official position of the U.S. Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. 1799/1800 (11./12. Yet Napoleons general staff remained an organization built around his personal needs, without continuity and authority of its own. At 16:00 on 14 March, Scharnhorst dropped anchor in Bogen Bay outside Narvik. The next day, Scharnhorst left Stavanger for Kiel, where repairs were carried out, lasting some six months. We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. They entered the Channel an hour later; the three ships sped at 27 knots (50km/h; 31mph), hugging the French coast along the voyage. Please complete the captcha to let us know you are a real person. He died on 7 April 1991, in Buchholz (Aller), Soltau-Fallingbostel, Niedersachsen, Germany, at the age of 88. Praise for Death in Focus In early January 1943, the ship was back in service, and after trials, left Germany on 7 January in company with Prinz Eugen and five destroyers. But without a good education in times of peace, an officer in the General Staff will never achieve anything significant in war. Completed in January 1939, the ship was armed with a main battery of nine 28cm (11in) C/34 guns in three triple turrets. Four Allied capital ships, the British Hood, Nelson and Rodney, and the French Dunkerque, followed in pursuit. Charles Edward White. Bruce Gudmundsson. Estorff recognized Scharnhorsts talents and appointed the young officer as an instructor at the regimental school he had created in 1770. Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. 9, No. In addition to Clausewitz, the group also included August Neidhardt von Gneisenau, Hermann von Boyen, Karl von Grolman, Karl von Tiedemann, and Prince August.[13]. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. Admiral Burnett, commanding the three cruisers Norfolk, Belfast, and Sheffield escorting Convoy JW 55B, placed his ships between the convoy and Scharnhorst's expected direction of attack. [67] By 12:00, Scharnhorst was to the northeast of the convoy, but Belfast had reestablished radar contact; it took the cruisers twenty minutes to close the range and begin firing. Career overview - years in numbers There was a problem getting your location. Races entered: 1: Wins: 0: Podiums: 0: Partial power was eventually restored to the starboard turbine, which allowed speed to be increased to 14 knots (26km/h; 16mph). Both were driven off by anti-aircraft fire and fighters. Unaware that they had been detected, the Germans had turned off their radar to prevent the British from picking up on the signals. [54] During the operation, Scharnhorst destroyed a battery of two 76mm (3.0in) guns and shelled fuel tanks, coal mines, harbor facilities, and military installations. The ship was built at the Kriegsmarinewerft dockyard in Wilhelmshaven; she was laid down on 15 June 1935 and launched a year and four months later on 3 October 1936. The modifications were completed by November 1939, by which time the ship was finally fully operational. We encourage you to research and examine these records to determine their accuracy. The most famous act of the turbulent era, the Oktoberedikt from 1807, aimed at overhauling the ineffective and backward Prussian agrarian system and releasing the economic and patriotic energies of its subjects. An educated officer, in Scharnhorsts view, was an empowered officer. cemeteries found in Concordia, Lafayette County, Missouri, USA will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Damage-control teams managed to correct the list with counter-flooding, and although draft increased by 1m (3.3ft), Scharnhorst was able to leave for Brest at 19:30. Birth: 18 Nov 1880: Death: 7 Jul 1887 (aged 6) Warren County, Missouri, USA . Michael Schoy. In early 1942, after British bombing raids, the two ships made the Channel Dash up the English Channel from occupied France to Germany. Geni requires JavaScript! After a day of steaming west, the ships turned south and rendezvoused with Admiral Hipper on 12 April. At 17:30, shells struck the forward 15cm gun turrets and destroyed them both. Johann HeinrichDietrich Friedrich Scharnhorst married Dorothea Wiggers and had 7 children. A system error has occurred. Captain Otto Ciliax , Captain of the German battleship 'Scharnhorst', carries out an inspection of the crew, circa 1939. Learn more about merges. [18] Paret, Clausewitz and the State, 235. Friedrich Scharnhorst 27 December 1902-7 April 1991 (Age 88) Buchholz (Aller), Soltau-Fallingbostel, Niedersachsen, Germany The Life Summary of Friedrich Friedrich Scharnhorst was born on 27 December 1902. Try again later. Napoleon expected that a series of fast defeats and costly battles would knock either Russia or Prussia out of the war, but they did not falter. At this time of year, there was only 45minutes of full daylight and six hours of twilight, which significantly limited Bey's operational freedom. The third 454kg bomb hit aft of the rear 28cm turret, about 3m (9.8ft) from the side of the ship. Scharnhorst was a German capital ship, alternatively described as a battleship or battlecruiser, of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine. It too failed to detonate, and passed through the side of the hull, which was not protected by the main armor belt. As Acasta sank, one of the 4 torpedoes she had fired hit Scharnhorst at 19:39. We encourage you to research and examine these records to determine their accuracy. Carl von Clausewitz. HMS Jamaica var en ltt kryssare av Fiji-klass i Royal Navy som frdigstlldes under andra vrldskriget.Hon var uppkallad efter den brittiska kolonin Jamaica.Fartyget tillbringade nstan hela sin krigskarrir i arktiska konvojer, med undantag fr en insats sderut fr landstigningarna i Nordafrika i november 1942. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. [17], She was then assigned to the forces participating in Operation Weserbung, the invasion of Denmark and Norway. [55] Of particular importance was the weather station that was transmitting weather information to the Allies, which was used to schedule convoys to the Soviet Union. During the maneuvers, she collided with the German submarineU-523, which caused damage that necessitated dry-docking for repairs. Try again later. The other seven made it past the air defenses and attacked Scharnhorst, but only scored one hit, and the bomb failed to detonate. Distilling seemingly timeless principles of war and claiming that they constituted the secret of the Corsicans astounding victories, Dietrich Heinrich von Blow, Mathieu Dumas, and Antoine-Henri Jomini became best-selling authors. Gneisenau was hit twice in the opening portion of the engagement, and one shell disabled her rear gun turret. Oops, we were unable to send the email. Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? Verify and try again. Preliminary repairs were completed by 20 June, which permitted the ship to return to Germany. [62], On 22 December Dnitz ordered Bey to be ready to go to sea on a three-hour notice. At 09:21, Belfast's lookouts spotted Scharnhorst at a range of 11,000m (12,000yd). The next spring, Scharnhorst moved to Berlin. Genealogy for Friedrich Ludewig Scharnhorst (c.1719 - 1752) family tree on Geni, with over 230 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. The 15 Halifaxes attacked Scharnhorst at her moorings. Temporary repairs allowed Scharnhorst to return to 22 knots (41km/h; 25mph). Your new password must contain one or more uppercase and lowercase letters, and one or more numbers or special characters. 1 (2018): 38. In 1800, he accepted Friedrich Wilhelm IIIs offer of elevation to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel and ennoblement. 23 . Two of the three turbines were jammed, and the third had to be turned off. 2015-4 as an independent and autonomous entity within MDHHS. On the Life and Character of Scharnhorst. Historical and Political Writings, ed. The two ships then refueled from the tankers Uckermark and Ermland on 12 March. Please reset your password. Header Image: Portrait of General Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst painted by the Circle of Friedrich Bury (Wikimedia). The Royal Navy joined in the attacks on the ship by sending the battleship Rodney and the aircraft carrier Ark Royal. A Genius For War: The German Army And General Staff, 18071945. Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. [77], Coordinates: 7216N 2841E / 72.267N 28.683E / 72.267; 28.683, encountered the British battlecruiser HMS, "How Germany's feared Scharnhorst ship was sunk in WWII", "The Sinking of the 'Scharnhorst', Wreck discovery", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=German_battleship_Scharnhorst&oldid=1133412044, This page was last edited on 13 January 2023, at 17:33. [25] They also sank the two destroyers. Your Scrapbook is currently empty. Bernd von Arnim, Paul Jakobi, Friedrich Eckoldt, Erich Steinbrinck, Diether von Roeder and Max Schulz. In 1800, he accepted Friedrich Wilhelm III's offer of elevation to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel and ennoblement. The ice had been cleared by noon, permitting Scharnhorst's entrance to Wilhelmshaven. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. Vanya Eftimova Bellinger is the author of Marie von Clausewitz: The Woman Behind the Making of On War. Also known as: Mr Friedrich G Sauer, Mr Friedrich Sauer. Friedrich G Sauer from Lansing, MI. [70] Shortly thereafter, another 14in shell struck the ventilation trunk attached to Bruno, which caused the turret to be flooded with noxious propellant gases every time the breeches were opened. Please contact Find a Grave at [emailprotected] if you need help resetting your password. On the morning of 25 July, one of the escorting destroyers shot down a British patrol plane. Friedrich Hugo Scharnhorst . [30] She reached port on the afternoon of 9 June, where the repair ship Huaskaran was waiting. cemeteries found within miles of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. He received a wound in the foot in the Battle of Grossgrschen on May 2, 1813, not serious enough to stop him from traveling on a diplomatic mission. A U-boat reported the convoy's location at 09:00 on 25 December, and Dnitz ordered Scharnhorst into action. Two men were killed and fifteen were injured in the attack. During the repair process, the aircraft catapult that had been installed on the rear gun turret was removed. [5] On 1 April 1942, Hoffmann, who had been promoted to Konteradmiral (Rear Admiral) and awarded the Knight's Cross, transferred command of the ship to KzS Friedrich Hffmeier. It either had to openly switch sides, fight France with everything it had and utterly defeat Napoleon, or face national disintegration. Friedrich Wilhelm also failed to embrace Scharnhorsts bold ideas for military reform. [45] The British failed to detect their departure, as the submarine that had been tasked with observing the port had withdrawn to recharge its batteries. [23][24] Six minutes after opening fire, Scharnhorst scored a hit at a range of 25,600m (28,000yd; 15.9mi). [13] Mechanical problems with her starboard turbines developed after running at full speed, which forced the ships to reduce speed to 25 knots (46km/h; 29mph). With a clear aspiration of becoming an officer, in 1773, at age 17, Scharnhorst entered the school located in Fortress Wilhlemstein.[3]. She managed to add 5,000m (5,500yd) to the distance between her and Duke of York, while straddling the ship with several salvos. After Count Wilhelm died in 1777 and his military academy was disbanded, Scharnhorst returned to the Electorate of Hanover and applied for a position in his home army. Shell splinters started a fire in the ammunition magazine, which forced the Germans to flood both forward magazines to prevent an explosion. Simultaneously, Scharnhorst created the Military Society (Militrische Gesellschaft), where many of the ideas and personalities would emerge that later transformed the Prussian Army and ultimately led it to its victory over Napoleon. He is a male registered to vote in Ingham County, Michigan. Friedrich Philipp Scharnhorst (1666 - Unknown) How do we create a person's profile? The Education of the Enlightened Soldier. MCU Journal Vol. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. There are no volunteers for this cemetery. This 38,100 t ship was named after the Prussian general and army reformer Gerhard von Scharnhorst . Friedrichmarried Hannah F Scharnhorst (born Schnelle)on month day1859, at age 27 at marriage place, Illinois. Abenteuer eines deutschen Knaben in Amerika Erstdruck: Hannover 1863 Vollstandige Neuausgab. The second torpedo hit the ship on the port side and caused some minor flooding, and the third struck toward the rear of the ship and damaged the port propeller shaft. [9], For Clausewitz, Scharnhorst became something of a substitute father. Scharnhorst's forward turret was put out of action by severe flooding. [32] Scharnhorst managed to sink only one ship during the encounter, the 6000 ton tanker Lustrous. The blast also damaged the fuel oil pumps and the bearings in the turbo-generators, which brought the ship to a halt. The fourth hit the ship in the bow. This caused flooding in the bow and damaged electrical systems in the forward gun turret. The water was quickly drained from turret Bruno's magazine. [32], On 6 February, the two ships refueled from the tanker Schlettstadt south of Cape Farewell. [16] Early on 9 April, the two ships encountered the British battlecruiser HMS Renown. [69], At 16:17, Duke of York made radar contact with Scharnhorst; thirty minutes later, Belfast illuminated the German battleship with star shells. [64] The battleship was hit twice by 20.3cm (8in) shells; the first failed to explode and caused negligible damage, but the second struck the forward rangefinders and destroyed the radar antenna. Army and General staff will never achieve anything significant in war letters, and one or numbers! Officer, in Scharnhorsts view, was the ship F Scharnhorst ( born Krager ) Dorothy (... Make the most of a substitute father a German capital ship, alternatively as... 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